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Awk is a powerful unix utility. $ awk -F":" '{ print "username: " $1 "\t\tuid:" $3" }' /etc/passwd -F=Field Seperator $1=first field seperated by ":" Awk can use a program which is a file with awk instructions. $ awk -f program.awk inputfile A sample awk program file program.awk is as follows: 1- BEGIN { 2- FS=":" 3- x=0 4- } 5- { print $1 } 6- $1 ~ /regex/ { x++} 7- END { 8- print x 9- } BEGIN is the place for commands to be executed before inputfile is being processed. Here we set FS(field seperator) to : and initiate variable x to 0. Line 5 prints all matching 1st columns. In Line 6 if $1 is similar to /regex/ then variable x is raised by 1. At the END after processing input file variable x is printed to output. FS,RS(Record Seperator),OFS(Output Field Seperator),ORS and NF(Number of Fields) are other special variables in awk. Reference: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-awk3.html

Curl has many proxy options.Simply curl -x proxyhost:port -U proxyuser(if any) www.example.com It has also socks proxy support which wget doesnt curl --socks5 127.0.0.1:9999 www.example.com When it comes to wget http_proxy = http://proxyhost:port/ use_proxy = on wait = 15 suchsettings on .wgetrc makes it work with the proxy.

Regex 11 metachars: [,?,*,$,^,\,.,+,(,),| Character classes : [A-Z] matches a single character in range A-Z. [^A-Z] matches a character that is not in between A and Z. Metachars in a chearcter class are : [,\,^.- and need to be escaped by \ when try to match themselves.